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Claim a refund if you have overpaid tax

February 3, 2025

There are various reasons why tax may be overpaid, and when more tax has been paid than is due, it is understandable that the taxpayer will want this to be refunded as soon as possible. The process for claiming a refund depends on why the overpayment arose.

Employees

An employee may have paid too much tax on their employment income. This may be the case if their tax code is incorrect or because they have incurred expenses on which tax relief is due.

A claim for relief for employment expenses can be made using the online service on the Gov.uk website or by post onform P87. It is important to include the required supporting evidence with the claim.

If the employee has received a tax calculation letter (P800) showing that they are due a refund, they should follow the instructions in the letter for claiming that refund. Where the letter indicates that the claim can be made online, the claim should be made using the online service on the Gov.uk website at www.gov.uk/tax-overpayments-and-underpayments/if-youre-due-a-refund. The claimant will need to provide the reference number from the P800 letter and their National Insurance number. The refund should be made to the claimant’s bank account within five days. A refund can also be claimed through the taxpayer’s personal tax account or using the HMRC app, or by writing to HMRC. Where the tax calculation letter informs the taxpayer that they will be sent a cheque, they do not need to make a claim as the cheque will be sent to them by post. This should be received within 14 days of the date on the P800 letter.

Taxpayers who have yet to receive a P800 for 2023/24 should receive it by the end of the March.

Self Assessment overpayments

A taxpayer may be due a refund under Self Assessment if their income has fallen and the payments made on account exceed their liability for the year. They may also be due a repayment if a loss relief claim has been made.

An application for a refund where tax has been overpaid can be made in the return, and where this has been done HMRC will usually send the repayment automatically within two weeks of the return being submitted. If a refund was not requested in the return, it can be claimed through the taxpayer’s online Self Assessment account. They simply need to choose the ‘Request a Repayment’ option and follow the instructions.

A refund can also be claimed through the taxpayer’s personal tax account by selecting ‘Claim a refund’ and following the instructions. A similar process is followed where a refund is claimed through a business tax account. Refunds can be paid into

UK bank accounts, or the taxpayer can request a cheque. A refund is normally paid within two weeks of making a claim.

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